This is what Gleason's more individualistic view is Who is right - Clements or Gleason? both can be right depending on the scenarioĮx. This is proposed by Clements What type of interactions hold associations together? mutualism and facilitation Why does Gleason think species overlap over an environmental gradient? due to their similar requirements - his theory is more individualistic in nature than Clement's focus on strong interactions What is happening in the graph of associations without transitional zones? Relationships are NOT result of strong interactions but rather similar needs of species Interactions hold these association together (Clements) What are transitional zones? narrow regions b/w adjacent communities where very few species are common and the clusters of species (associations) are gone ubiquitous) or narrow range of tolerance Why might species be in an association? may have similar responses, tolerances, and evolutionary history Pioneer of plant ecology individualistic concept Gleason (1926) gradient theory, individualistic concept - Who? Gleason (1926) individualistic concept and gradient theory, Gleason (1926) doesn't agree with Clements and Forbes, think that different species have different needs and are together because they respond in similar ways What is a gradient? can be something like water availability, temperature, or elevation What is an association? clusters of species that have similar environmental limits/tolerances Entomologist scientist who studies insects "superorganism" concept - Who? Clements (1916) "superorganism" concept, Clements (1916) built on Forbes idea of the lake as a microcosm
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